KOPILUWAK

Malware Profile Updated 3 months ago
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KopiLuwak is a JavaScript-based malware used for command and control (C2) communications and victim profiling. It was initially dropped by Pensive Ursa using an MSIL dropper in a G20-themed attack in 2017, and later as a self-extracting archive (SFX) executable in late 2022. Upon execution, the SFX created and executed KopiLuwak from a specific file path, enabling it to infiltrate systems undetected. Both KopiLuwak and another malware, QUIETCANARY, were downloaded successively at different times, suggesting potential haste or operational deficiency on the part of the attackers. This pattern of activity aligns with Turla’s historical reuse of tools and malware ecosystems, including KopiLuwak, in cyber operations. In one notable instance, UNC4210, a suspected cluster of the Turla Team, used KopiLuwak as a "first-stage" profiling utility following the use of another malware, ANDROMEDA. Through KopiLuwak, UNC4210 conducted basic network reconnaissance on the victim machine, looking for all current TCP connections and network shares. The ANDROMEDA-injected process then downloaded and executed a WinRAR SFX containing KopiLuwak to a specific file path. Following extensive victim profiling by KopiLuwak, the ANDROMEDA injected process made a GET request to a specific URL which downloaded and executed QUIETCANARY. Two days after the initial execution and reconnaissance performed with KopiLuwak, Mandiant detected UNC4210 downloading QUIETCANARY to a host twice, but only executing commands through it on the second time. These actions highlight the complex and multi-stage nature of these cyber attacks, with KopiLuwak serving as a key tool in the attackers' arsenal.
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Possible Aliases / Cluster overlaps
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Tomiris
2
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Snake
1
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ComRAT
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Miscellaneous Associations
Other elements of context that could aid in the identification of relevance
Malware
Dropper
Apt
Backdoor
Reconnaissance
Payload
WinRAR
Trojan
T1055
t1070.004
t1564.003
t1547.001
T1033
T1049
T1518
T1012
T1082
t1608.003
T1529
Mitre
t1560.001
T1027
T1112
T1057
T1560
T1622
T1010
T1083
T1584
t1071.001
Kaspersky
t1573.002
Injector
Implant
Spearphishing
Associated Malware
To see the evidence that has resulted in this association, create a free account
IDTypeVotesProfile Description
QUIETCANARYUnspecified
3
Quietcanary is a malicious software (malware) that has been exploited by threat groups such as Pensive Ursa and Tomiris. The malware, known for its backdoor capabilities, has been in use since at least 2019, with Pensive Ursa deploying it against targets in Ukraine in September 2022, often in conjun
ANDROMEDAUnspecified
2
Andromeda is a type of malware, or malicious software, designed to exploit and damage computer systems. It can infiltrate systems through suspicious downloads, emails, or websites, often without the user's knowledge. Once inside, it can steal personal information, disrupt operations, or hold data ho
HyperStackUnspecified
1
HyperStack, also known as SilentMoo or BigBoss, is a Remote Procedure Call (RPC) backdoor malware that was first observed in 2018. It has been utilized in operations targeting European government entities and is linked to the Russian-based threat group Pensive Ursa, which has been operational since
Unc4210Unspecified
1
UNC4210 is a malicious software (malware) discovered by Mandiant in September 2022, suspected to be an operation of the Turla Team. This malware was identified as it re-registered three expired ANDROMEDA command and control (C2) domains and began selectively deploying KOPILUWAK and QUIETCANARY to vi
KazuarUnspecified
1
Kazuar is a sophisticated multiplatform trojan horse malware, linked to the Russian-based threat group Turla (also known as Pensive Ursa, Uroburos, Snake), which has been operating since at least 2004. This group, believed to be connected to the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB), utilizes an ar
CrutchUnspecified
1
Crutch is a sophisticated malware attributed to the Turla group, first discovered by ESET researchers in December 2020. It's considered a second-stage backdoor, achieving persistence through DLL hijacking. One notable feature of Crutch v4 is its ability to automatically upload files found on local a
UroburosUnspecified
1
Uroburos, also known as Snake, Turla, Pensive Ursa, and Venomous Bear, is a sophisticated malware linked to the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB). The development of this malicious software began in late 2003, with its operations traced back to at least 2004. Uroburos is part of a broader arsen
CapibarUnspecified
1
Capibar, a new malware identified as part of the arsenal of the Russian-based threat group Turla (also known as Pensive Ursa, Uroburos, or Snake), has been used in recent cyberattacks. This group, linked to the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB) and active since at least 2004, has deployed Capib
ZebrocyUnspecified
1
Zebrocy is a well-documented Trojan malware that infiltrates systems to gather specific system information. Once installed, it sends the collected data to its Command and Control (C2) server via an HTTP POST request. The Zebrocy variant also captures a screenshot of the victim's host and transmits i
MosquitoUnspecified
1
The "Mosquito" malware is a harmful software designed to exploit and damage computer systems or devices. It operates covertly, infiltrating systems through suspicious downloads, emails, or websites, often unbeknownst to the user. Once inside, it has the capability to steal personal information, disr
MeterpreterUnspecified
1
Meterpreter, a type of malware, is an attack payload of Metasploit that serves as an interactive shell, enabling threat actors to control and execute code on a system. Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) actors have created and used a variant of Metasploit (Meterpreter) on the ServiceDesk system, liste
TinyTurlaUnspecified
1
TinyTurla is a sophisticated malware linked to the Russia-sponsored threat actor, Turla APT. This malicious software has been utilized in a targeted campaign against Polish Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), particularly those with connections to supporting Ukraine. TinyTurla operates as a backd
Associated Threat Actors
To see the evidence that has resulted in this association, create a free account
IDTypeVotesProfile Description
TurlaUnspecified
4
Turla, also known as Pensive Ursa, is a sophisticated threat actor linked to Russia that has been active for many years. The group is known for its advanced cyber-espionage capabilities and has been associated with numerous high-profile breaches. According to the MITRE ATT&CK and MITRE Ingenuity dat
WhiteBearUnspecified
1
WhiteBear is a threat actor that has been associated with the Turla group, also known as Snake, Venomous Bear, Uroburos, and WhiteBear. This association was established through strong links identified between a Crutch dropper from 2016 and Gazer, a second-stage backdoor used by Turla in 2016-2017. W
PensiveUnspecified
1
Pensive Ursa, also known as Turla or Uroburos, is a Russian-based threat group that has been active since at least 2004 and is linked to the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB). The group employs advanced and stealthy tools like Kazuar, a .NET backdoor used as a second stage payload. In 2023, Pen
Turla’sUnspecified
1
None
Pensive UrsaUnspecified
1
Pensive Ursa, also known as Turla, Uroburos, Venomous Bear, and Waterbug, is a Russian-based advanced persistent threat (APT) group that has been operating since at least 2004. The group, linked to the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB), is renowned for its sophisticated cyber-espionage activiti
Associated Vulnerabilities
To see the evidence that has resulted in this association, create a free account
IDTypeVotesProfile Description
Unc4210 KopiluwakUnspecified
1
None
Unc4210 AndromedaUnspecified
1
None
Tomiris Md5Unspecified
1
None
Kopiluwak Md5Unspecified
1
None
Source Document References
Information about the KOPILUWAK Malware was read from the documents corpus below. This display is limited to 20 results, create a free account to see more
SourceCreatedAtTitle
MITRE
7 months ago
Turla: A Galaxy of Opportunity
MITRE
a year ago
Introducing WhiteBear
InfoSecurity-magazine
a year ago
Tomiris and Turla APT Groups Collaborate to Target Government Entities
CERT-EU
a year ago
Tomiris called, they want their Turla malware back
CERT-EU
a year ago
Tomiris called, they want their Turla malware back - GIXtools
CERT-EU
a year ago
Tangled Up: 'Tomiris' APT Uses Turla Malware, Confusing Researchers
Unit42
10 months ago
Threat Group Assessment: Turla (aka Pensive Ursa)
CERT-EU
a year ago
IT threat evolution in Q2 2023 – GIXtools
CERT-EU
a year ago
IT threat evolution Q2 2023
MITRE
a year ago
Shedding Skin - Turla’s Fresh Faces | Securelist
CERT-EU
a year ago
Tomoris links to APT behind SolarWinds attack put to rest
CERT-EU
a year ago
Kaspersky Analyzes Links Between Russian State-Sponsored APTs